Hair Loss Symptoms
Widening part
A widening part is a common symptom of hair loss. It refers to the gradual thinning of hair along the part line, leading to a broader, more visible scalp. This can be due to various causes such as hormonal imbalances, genetics, or certain medical conditions.
In women, a widening part may be a sign of androgenic alopecia, which is a hereditary form of hair loss caused by an over-sensitivity to hormones called androgens. This condition affects millions of women worldwide and can lead to significant hair thinning and loss over time.
In men, a widening part is often associated with male pattern baldness, also known as androgenetic alopecia. This condition is characterized by a receding hairline, thinning crown, and overall hair loss. It is primarily caused by genetic factors and the hormone dihydrotestosterone (DHT).
Receding hairline
A receding hairline is another common symptom of hair loss, particularly in men. It refers to the gradual retreat of hair from the forehead, resulting in a higher hairline and an exposed forehead. This condition is mainly caused by genetic factors and hormonal imbalances.
Male pattern baldness is the most common cause of a receding hairline in men. It typically starts with a typical “M” shape, where the sides of the hairline recede, forming a widow’s peak. Over time, the hairline continues to recede, leading to more extensive hair loss on the top and crown of the head.
In women, a receding hairline can be an indication of frontal fibrosing alopecia, a type of hair loss characterized by the progressive thinning and recession of the frontal hairline. This condition is more common in postmenopausal women and is thought to be related to hormonal changes.
Loose hair
Finding loose hair on pillows, clothes, or in the shower drain can be concerning and a potential sign of hair loss. While it is normal to shed some hair on a daily basis, excessive hair shedding can indicate an underlying problem.
Causes of loose hair and increased shedding can vary from temporary issues such as stress or hormonal changes, to more chronic conditions like androgenic alopecia or traction alopecia. It’s important to pay attention to the amount of hair being shed and seek medical advice if the shedding appears excessive or continues for a prolonged period.
A qualified dermatologist or trichologist can assess the severity of the hair loss and determine the underlying cause, offering appropriate treatment options or lifestyle changes.
Bald patches
Bald patches, also known as hairless spots or alopecia areata, are circular or oval areas on the scalp where hair is missing. These patches can range in size from small coin-sized areas to larger patches that may merge together.
Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks the hair follicles, causing them to shrink and temporarily cease hair production. This results in the characteristic bald patches. The exact cause of alopecia areata is unknown, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
In some cases, alopecia areata can progress to alopecia totalis or alopecia universalis, where all the hair on the scalp or body respectively is lost. Treatment options for alopecia areata include topical or injected corticosteroids, topical immunotherapy, and systemic medications.
Clogged drains
Clogged shower drains or excessive hair left behind on combs and brushes may indicate hair loss. It is normal to lose around 50-100 hairs per day, but if you notice an excessive amount of hair clogging drains, it may be a sign of underlying hair loss.
Hair loss that appears in clumps during washing or styling can be a symptom of telogen effluvium. This condition occurs when a significant number of hair follicles prematurely enter the resting phase (telogen), causing increased shedding. Telogen effluvium can be triggered by various factors, including physical or emotional stress, hormonal changes, medication, nutritional deficiencies, or underlying medical conditions.
If you notice a sudden increase in hair clogging your drains or falling out during routine activities, it is recommended to consult with a healthcare professional to assess the cause and discuss appropriate treatment options.
Pain or itching on the scalp
Experiencing pain, itching, or discomfort on the scalp may be an indication of an underlying hair loss condition or scalp issue. It is important to pay attention to these symptoms as they can provide valuable clues about the cause of hair loss.
In some cases, pain or tenderness on the scalp may be a sign of scalp inflammation or infection, such as folliculitis or ringworm. These conditions can cause hair loss if left untreated or if the inflammation disrupts the hair follicles’ normal growth cycle.
Itching on the scalp can also be a sign of dandruff (seborrheic dermatitis) or a dry scalp. While these conditions are typically not directly associated with hair loss, persistent scratching or rubbing of the scalp can damage hair follicles and exacerbate hair thinning or loss.
If you experience pain, itching, or discomfort on your scalp, it is advisable to seek medical attention for a proper diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
What Causes Hair Loss?
Androgenic Alopecia
Androgenic alopecia, also known as male or female pattern baldness, is the most common cause of hair loss. It is a hereditary condition that affects both men and women. Androgenic alopecia is mainly linked to the hormone dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a derivative of testosterone.
In individuals with a genetic predisposition, DHT can bind to the hair follicles’ receptors and shrink them over time. This leads to progressively thinner and shorter hair, eventually resulting in permanent hair loss if left untreated.
Male pattern baldness typically starts with a receding hairline and thinning crown, while female pattern baldness causes widespread thinning of the hair on the crown of the head. Androgenic alopecia can affect individuals as early as their teens or twenties, with the symptoms worsening as they age.
Alopecia Areata
Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition that causes hair loss in round or oval patches. It occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the hair follicles, leading to their miniaturization and temporary hair loss.
The exact cause of alopecia areata is unknown, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Stress, certain infections, and other autoimmune conditions may trigger or worsen alopecia areata.
In some cases, alopecia areata can progress to alopecia totalis, where all the hair on the scalp is lost, or alopecia universalis, where hair loss extends to the entire body. Treatment options for alopecia areata include topical or injected corticosteroids, topical immunotherapy, and systemic medications.
Anagen Effluvium
Anagen effluvium is a type of hair loss that occurs when the hair follicles prematurely enter the resting phase (telogen) due to damage or disruption. This condition is often associated with medical treatments such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
Chemotherapy drugs target rapidly dividing cells in the body, including the hair follicle cells, which leads to hair loss. The severity of anagen effluvium depends on the specific drugs used and the duration of treatment.
Once the chemotherapy or radiation treatment is completed, the hair follicles may gradually recover, resulting in regrowth. However, in some cases, anagen effluvium can cause permanent hair loss if the damage to the hair follicles is severe.
Telogen Effluvium
Telogen effluvium is a common form of hair loss characterized by excessive shedding of hair. It occurs when a significant number of hair follicles enter the resting phase (telogen) prematurely, resulting in increased hair shedding.
Telogen effluvium can be triggered by various factors, including physical or emotional stress, hormonal changes, nutritional deficiencies, medication, underlying medical conditions, or giving birth. The condition is typically temporary, and once the underlying cause is addressed, the hair cycle returns to normal, and regrowth occurs.
Stressful events such as surgery, major illness, or emotional trauma can disrupt the hair follicles’ growth cycle, causing them to enter the resting phase prematurely. This results in increased hair shedding a few months after the triggering event.
Tinea Capitis
Tinea capitis, also known as scalp ringworm, is a fungal infection that can cause hair loss. It primarily affects children, but adults can also be affected. Tinea capitis is highly contagious and can spread through direct contact with infected individuals or contaminated objects such as combs, hats, or pillows.
The fungal infection causes inflammation and scaling of the scalp, leading to hair breakage and loss. In some cases, it can result in permanent scarring alopecia if left untreated. Antifungal medications, both oral and topical, are used to treat tinea capitis and promote hair regrowth.
Traction Alopecia
Traction alopecia is a type of hair loss caused by excessive tension or pulling on the hair follicles. It is commonly seen in individuals who frequently wear tight hairstyles, such as braids, ponytails, buns, or extensions.
Repeatedly wearing tight hairstyles puts continuous stress on the hair follicles, leading to inflammation and weakening of the hair shafts. Over time, this can result in permanent hair loss in the affected areas if the styling practices are not changed.
Traction alopecia can also be seen in individuals who use hair accessories, such as hairpieces or wigs, that are attached too tightly. It is important to opt for looser styles and avoid excessive tension on the hair to prevent traction alopecia.
How Is Hair Loss Diagnosed?
Physical Exam
When diagnosing hair loss, a physical exam is often the first step. A dermatologist or trichologist will examine your scalp, hair, and any affected areas to assess the extent and pattern of hair loss.
The healthcare professional may look for specific signs such as hair miniaturization, inflammation, scarring, or any underlying scalp conditions that could be contributing to the hair loss.
Health History
A comprehensive health history can provide valuable information about potential factors contributing to hair loss. The healthcare professional may inquire about recent illnesses, medications, stress levels, hormonal changes, nutritional deficiencies, or any family history of hair loss.
It is important to provide accurate and detailed information about your medical history and any symptoms associated with hair loss to help the healthcare professional make an accurate diagnosis and recommend appropriate treatment options.
Skin Biopsy
In some cases, a skin biopsy may be performed to aid in the diagnosis of hair loss. During a skin biopsy, a small sample of the scalp is taken and examined under a microscope to look for any abnormalities or signs of inflammation, infection, or scarring.
A skin biopsy can help differentiate between different types of hair loss and provide insight into the specific cause, allowing for targeted treatment options.
Blood Tests
Blood tests may be recommended to identify any underlying medical conditions or nutritional deficiencies that could be contributing to hair loss. The healthcare professional may check for deficiencies in iron, vitamin D, vitamin B12, or thyroid hormone imbalances, among other possible factors.
These blood tests can provide valuable information about your overall health and help guide the treatment options for hair loss. Treating any underlying conditions or deficiencies may improve hair regrowth and prevent further hair loss.
Treatment Options for Hair Loss
Topical or Oral Medications
There are several medications available for the treatment of hair loss. These medications aim to slow down the progression of hair loss and promote hair regrowth.
For androgenic alopecia, topical medications like minoxidil can be used. Minoxidil is available over the counter and comes in various strengths. It is applied directly to the scalp and works by increasing blood flow to the hair follicles, stimulating hair growth.
Another medication commonly used for androgenic alopecia is finasteride. Finasteride is available in pill form and works by blocking the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), the hormone responsible for shrinking hair follicles. It can only be prescribed by a healthcare professional.
For some individuals with alopecia areata, corticosteroid creams, ointments, or injections may be recommended to suppress the autoimmune response and encourage hair regrowth.
Laser Therapy
Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a non-invasive treatment option for hair loss. It involves exposing the scalp to red light wavelengths to stimulate hair growth. LLLT can be performed using handheld devices or specialized laser caps.
The exact mechanism of action of LLLT is not fully understood, but it is believed to improve blood circulation to the scalp, promote cellular metabolism, and stimulate hair follicles. LLLT is often used as an adjunct therapy in combination with other treatment options.
Treatment schedules and duration may vary depending on the specific device or clinic. It is recommended to consult with a healthcare professional experienced in laser therapy to determine the most suitable treatment plan.
Microneedling with PRP
Microneedling with Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) is a procedure that combines microneedling and the application of platelet-rich plasma obtained from the patient’s blood. This treatment aims to stimulate hair growth by promoting the release of growth factors and enhancing tissue regeneration.
During the procedure, a device with fine needles is used to create tiny punctures in the scalp, which stimulates the production of collagen and increases blood flow to the hair follicles. PRP, derived from the patient’s blood, is then topically applied to the treated area, further promoting hair regrowth.
Microneedling with PRP treatments are typically performed in a series of sessions, and results may vary among individuals. It is important to consult with a qualified healthcare professional to determine if this treatment is suitable for you.
Hair Transplant Surgery
Hair transplant surgery is a surgical procedure that involves harvesting hair follicles from areas of the scalp with healthy hair growth (donor sites) and transplanting them to areas with thinning or no hair (recipient sites).
There are two primary methods of hair transplantation: follicular unit transplantation (FUT) and follicular unit extraction (FUE).
In FUT, a strip of scalp containing hair follicles is surgically removed from the donor site and dissected into individual grafts for transplantation.
In FUE, individual hair follicles are extracted directly from the donor site using a small punch tool and transplanted to the recipient sites.
Hair transplant surgery requires careful planning and consideration. It is essential to consult with an experienced hair transplant surgeon to discuss the procedure’s benefits, risks, and expected outcomes.
How Can I Prevent Hair Loss?
Keep hairstyles loose
Avoid hairstyles that pull tightly on the hair follicles, such as tight ponytails, braids, or buns. The constant tension can lead to hair breakage and traction alopecia.
Opt for looser hairstyles that allow the hair to move freely and reduce stress on the scalp. If you must wear more structured styles, try alternating with looser styles to give your hair and scalp a break.
Avoid touching hair
Avoid excessive touching or handling of your hair, as it can lead to breakage and unnecessary stress on the hair follicles.
Excessive rubbing or brushing can weaken the hair shafts and cause hair loss over time. Be gentle when styling or caring for your hair, and minimize the use of excessive force or pressure.
Pat hair dry
Instead of vigorously rubbing your hair with a towel after showering, gently pat it dry. Rubbing the hair vigorously can cause friction and breakage, especially when the hair is wet and more vulnerable.
Using a microfiber towel or an old t-shirt is also recommended as these materials are gentler on the hair cuticles and can help prevent unnecessary damage.
Aim for a nutrient-rich balanced diet
A balanced diet that includes essential nutrients can contribute to overall hair health. Ensure you are consuming adequate amounts of protein, vitamins, and minerals.
Foods rich in protein, such as lean meats, fish, eggs, and legumes, are particularly beneficial for hair health. Additionally, vitamins A, C, D, and E, as well as minerals like iron, zinc, and biotin, play crucial roles in maintaining healthy hair growth.
Consulting with a healthcare professional or a registered dietitian can help ensure you are meeting your nutritional needs for optimal hair health and overall well-being.
Limit use of styling products/tools
Excessive use of styling products and heat tools can damage the hair shafts and lead to hair breakage or loss. Heat styling tools such as flat irons, curling irons, and blow dryers can strip moisture from the hair, making it more prone to breakage.
Try to limit the use of heat tools and use them on the lowest heat setting possible. Additionally, opt for styling products that are free from harsh chemicals and avoid using them excessively.
When to See a Doctor About Hair Loss
Unexplained hair loss
If you notice significant hair loss that cannot be attributed to any known cause, it is advisable to consult with a healthcare professional. They can assess your symptoms, diagnose the underlying cause, and recommend appropriate treatment options.
While some hair loss is normal and can be influenced by factors such as hormonal changes or seasonal shedding, sudden and excessive hair loss should not be ignored.
Additional symptoms to mention during the appointment
When seeing a healthcare professional for hair loss, it is important to provide them with detailed information about any associated symptoms. These symptoms may include:
- Redness or inflammation of the scalp
- Itching or discomfort on the scalp
- Scalp tenderness or pain
- Visible scaling or flaking of the scalp
- Changes in the appearance or texture of the hair
- Changes in the nails
- Excessive shedding or breakage of hair
- Recent illnesses or surgeries
- Medications or supplements currently being taken
- Psychological or emotional stressors
Providing your healthcare professional with comprehensive information about your symptoms can help them make an accurate diagnosis and recommend the most appropriate treatment options.
Frequently Asked Questions about Hair Loss
Which vitamin can help with hair loss?
Biotin, also known as vitamin B7, is often touted as a vitamin that can help promote hair growth and prevent hair loss. Biotin is involved in the production of keratin, a protein that forms the structure of hair, skin, and nails.
While biotin deficiency can cause hair loss, it is relatively rare in individuals who have a varied and balanced diet. Biotin supplements are often marketed for hair growth but should only be used under the guidance of a healthcare professional.
What illness causes hair loss?
Hair loss can be a symptom of various underlying medical conditions. Some of the common illnesses associated with hair loss include:
- Thyroid disorders
- Alopecia areata
- Lupus
- Iron deficiency anemia
- Diabetes
- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
- Scalp infections or fungal infections
- Chronic illness or autoimmune diseases
If you are experiencing hair loss, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional to identify any potential underlying medical conditions and address them appropriately.
Is it possible to stop hair loss indefinitely?
The ability to stop hair loss and promote hair regrowth depends on the underlying cause of hair loss. Some types of hair loss, such as androgenic alopecia or hereditary hair loss, may be more challenging to treat, but various treatment options can help slow down the progression and improve the appearance of the hair.
For other types of hair loss, such as telogen effluvium or hair loss caused by nutritional deficiencies or hormonal imbalances, addressing the underlying cause can help stop or reverse the hair loss.
It is essential to work with a qualified healthcare professional to determine the cause of your hair loss and develop an individualized treatment plan to achieve the best possible results.
Conclusion
Understanding the causes of hair loss is crucial for effectively addressing the issue and finding appropriate treatment options. From androgenic alopecia to autoimmune conditions like alopecia areata, various factors can contribute to hair loss.
By recognizing the symptoms of hair loss, seeking early medical attention, and following the recommended prevention strategies, individuals can take proactive steps to address their hair loss concerns and maintain healthy hair.
Remember, if you are experiencing significant hair loss or noticing changes in your hair’s appearance, it is always best to consult with a qualified healthcare professional who can provide you with a personalized diagnosis and guide you towards the most suitable treatment options.